PmrA/PmrB and PhoP/PhoQ are a pair of two-component systems (TCSs) that allow the Gram-negative bacteria to survive the cationic antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B. The two TCSs are linked by the po...

Escherichia coli HypC plays an important role in the maturation process of the pre-maturated HycE, the large subunit of hydrogenase 3. It serves as an iron transfer as well as a chaperone protein d...

The bacterial chemotaxis adaptor protein CheW physically links the chemoreceptors (MCPs) and the histidine kinase CheA. Extensive investigations using bacterium Escherichia coli have established th...

The conversion of prion protein (PrP) to the pathogenic PrPSc conformation is central to prion disease. Previous studies revealed that PrP interacts with lipids and the interaction induces PrP conf...

Arsenic compounds commonly exist in nature and are toxic to nearly all kinds of life forms, which directed the evolution of enzymes in many organisms for arsenic detoxification. In bacteria, the th...

[NiFe] hydrogenases are metalloenzymes involved in many biological processes concerning the metabolism of hydrogen. The maturation of the large subunit of these hydrogenases requires the cleavage o...

Flavodoxins play central roles in the electron transfer involving various biological processes in microorganisms. The mioC gene of Escherichia coli encodes a 16-kDa flavodoxin and locates next to t...

Low molecular weight protein-tyrosine phosphatases (LMW-PTPs) are small enzymes that ubiquitously exist in various organisms and play important roles in many biological processes. In Escherichia co...

The RPB8 subunit is present in all three types of eukaryotic RNA polymerases and is highly conserved during evolution. It is an essential subunit required for the transcription of nuclear genes, bu...

The Bacillus subtilis YkuV responds to environmental oxidative stress and plays an important role for the bacteria to adapt to the environment. Bioinformatic analysis suggests that YkuV is a homolo...